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The Surge of Mpox in African Countries - A Global Call to Action

Peer-reviewed literature on mpox in Africa, particularly articles published in African journals, remains scarce. To bridge this knowledge gap, the WHO Health Emergencies Programmes (WHE), in collaboration with leading African experts on mpox, proudly presents this special issue with the goal to enrich the understanding of mpox in endemic countries of Africa. The special issue welcomes submissions related to all aspects of mpox in Africa, including epidemiology, research, clinical practice, outbreak investigation and response, and other relevant mpox data and activities in Africa. Submissions focusing on mpox research conducted outside Africa will be considered if deemed relevant to outbreak response efforts in endemic African countries. Except editorials, all submissions will undergo external peer review.

Guest Editors:
  • Jean B. Nachega, MD, MPH, PhD, DTM&H, FAAS (Stellenbosch University, South Africa and University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, PA, USA).
  • Nadia A. Sam-Agudu, MD, CTropMed (Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, University of Cape Coast School of Medical Sciences, Ghana, and University of Minnesota Medical School).
  • Boghuma K. Titanji, MD, MSc, PhD, DTM&H (Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA)
  • Dr Fiona Braka, MD, MPH (Emergency Response Manager, WHO Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Congo Republic)
  • Placide Mbala-Kingenbeni, MD, PhD (Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale and University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
  • Joseph Chukwudi Okeibunor,MSc, PhD (WHO Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Congo Republic)
Contact Email: Joseph Chukwudi Okeibunor,MSc, PhD (WHO Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Congo Republic) (okeibunorj@who.int)
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Table of Contents


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Editorial PDF - 163 KB
The surge of mpox in African countries

Abdou Salam Gueye

Pan African Medical Journal. 02 March 2025. 50(1): 1

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Program assessment PDF - 601 KB
Assessing mpox epidemic readiness status in ECOWAS region: strengths, gaps, and recommendations for an improved response

Virgil Kuassi Lokossou, Andrew Sime Awori, Victor Fatimehin, Aishat Bukola Usman, Lionel Sogbossi, Felix Agbla, Melchior Athanase Aïssi, Issiaka Sombie

Pan African Medical Journal. 02 March 2025. 50(1): 2

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Perspectives PDF - 156 KB
Unlocking the potentials of community health workers for effective control of mpox outbreaks in Africa

Patrick Martial Nkamedjie Pete, Rodrigue Mabvouna Biguioh, Fai Karl Gwei Njuwa, Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Christian Ngandu, Ngashi Ngongo, Nicaise Ndembi

Pan African Medical Journal. 02 March 2025. 50(1): 3

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Public perception and correlates of mpox vaccine acceptability in Northern Nigeria: a mixed methods study

Zubairu Iliyasu, Hadiza Musa Abdullahi, Amina Abdullahi Umar, Tahir Dahiru, Fatimah Ismail Tsiga-Ahmed, Taiwo Gboluwaga Amole, Aminatu Ayaba Kwaku, Abubakar Mohammed Jibo, Humayra Aisha Bashir, Hamisu Muhammed Salihu, Muktar Hassan Aliyu

Pan African Medical Journal. 03 March 2025. 50(1): 4

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Epidemiology, clinical presentation and outcome of human Mpox in Rivers State, Nigeria during the 2022-23 outbreak: an observational retrospective study

Chizaram Onyeaghala, Abiye Somiari, Ujile Ichechiek, John Ogan, Hope Avundaa, Odianosen Ehiakhamen, Bolaji Ibiesa Otike-Odibi, Omosivie Maduka, Datonye Alasia

Pan African Medical Journal. 03 March 2025. 50(1): 5

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Case report PDF - 239 KB
Mpox in a non-HIV immunosuppressed host: a case report from Nigeria

Chizaram Onyeaghala, Chioma Tochukwu-Onyejieme, Uche Tralagba, Bolaji Ibiesa Otike-Odibi, Omosivie Maduka, Datonye Alasia

Pan African Medical Journal. 03 March 2025. 50(1): 6

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Non-exanthematous mpox infections in Nigeria: a possible explanation of the sporadic outbreaks in city centers?

Simeon Cadmus, Matthias Besong, Victor Akinseye, Samuel Ayanwale, Adekunle Ayinmode, Daniel Oluwayelu, Hyacinth Ebenyi, Adeola Fowotade, Michael Olisa, Emeka Sampson, Ephraim Nwanga, Terese Gabriel Orum, Opeyemi Alayande, Rasheed Ansumana, Eniola Cadmus, Solomon Odemuyiwa, Oyewale Tomori

Pan African Medical Journal. 08 April 2025. 50(1): 7

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Program assessment PDF - 451 KB
Mitigating the surge of mpox in Africa: capacity building through public outreach, sample and case management training for healthcare workers and veterinarians

Michael Onyebuchi Iroezindu, Abdulwasiu Bolaji Tiamiyu, Zahra Folasade Parker, Danielle Bartolanzo, Edward Abayomi Akinwale, Melanie Diane McCauley, Lateefat Kikeloma Amao, Adeyinka Jeremy Adedeji, Usman Oladipo Adekanye, Fengming Hu, Chinelo Chidiogo Ekweremadu, Odianosen Ehiakhamen, Ikenna Onoh, Oladipo Ogunbode, Afolabi Akinpelu, Adama Ahmad, Adefunke Oladipo-Opashina, Petra Prins, Mihret Fetyen Amare, Mamadou Bhoye Keita, Kaba Kourouma, Nathan Anelechi Elvis Okeji, Laura Chittenden, Kayvon Modjarrad, Trevor Adam Crowell, Natalie Denise Collins

Pan African Medical Journal. 09 April 2025. 50(1): 8

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Study protocol PDF - 454 KB
Characterization of mpox transmission in the household, the role of children, the impact on pregnancy, and the association with lactation: a study protocol

Ferdinand Nsengimana, Raoul Kamadjeu, Manassé Nimpagaritse, Eric Kezakarayagwa, Jonas Ngendakumana, Rémy Nimubona, Alain Yombouno, Godefroid Kamwenubusa, Rose Nkiko, Nestor Nkengurutse, Ndriakita Solonionjanirina, Hamady Ba, Beifith Kouak Tiyab, Liliane Nkengurutse, Edna Moturi, Dionis Nizigiyimana, Mame Selbee Diouf, France Begin, Joseph Nyandwi

Pan African Medical Journal. 10 April 2025. 50(1): 9

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Program evaluation PDF - 618 KB
Évaluation du niveau de préparation des districts de santé de la région du Littoral, Cameroun face à une éventuelle épidémie de mpox

Alex Stéphane Ndjip Ndjock, Steve Roland Souga, Michaela Josee Meli, Alice Ketchaji, Hans Makembe Mossi, Ingrid Cecile Djuikoue, Camille Paulin Franc Ntolo, Ernest Tambo, Andre Bita Fouda

Pan African Medical Journal. 11 April 2025. 50(1): 10

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Letter to the editors PDF - 147 KB
Transitioning mpox emergency responses to more sustainable models may be a necessity

Allan Komakech

Pan African Medical Journal. 23 April 2025. 50(1): 11

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Commentary PDF - 216 KB
Bolstering emergency response capacities in Africa: AVoHC-SURGE responders in action

Fiona Braka, Ishata Conteh, Radjabu Bigirimana, Joseph Okeibunor, Abdu Salam Gueye

Pan African Medical Journal. 23 April 2025. 50(1): 12

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Mpox-HIV co-infection in the mpox treatment centre in Kokolo Health District, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, November 2024 to March 2025

Levis Amisi Kengea, Masamba Bikoki Winnie, Ndumbi Temuangudi Vally, Jean Claude Nsinga Bungiena, Jean Jacques Kape Kalume, Anthony Mbuyi Mutombe, Blanche Ihekambangu Ngwakaha

Pan African Medical Journal. 07 May 2025. 50(1): 13

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Mpox in endemic regions in Nigeria: awareness, knowledge, and willingness to accept the mpox vaccine

Isaac Iyinoluwa Olufadewa, Miracle Ayomikun Adesina, Ruth Ifeoluwa Oladele, Toluwase Ayobola Olufadewa, Evaezi Okpokoro, Oluwafemi Babatunde Daodu, Fehintola Ige, Sylvia Adebajo, Ehimario Uche Igumbor, Moyinoluwa Joshua Oladoye, Joseph Ojonugwa Shaibu, Dimie Ogoina, Rosemary Ajuma Audu

Pan African Medical Journal. 03 June 2025. 50(1): 14

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Narrative Review PDF - 215 KB
Encephalitis: a rare neurological manifestation of mpox-a narrative review

Karpal Singh Sohal, Alvin Acas Miranda, Ashu Michael Agbor

Pan African Medical Journal. 30 June 2025. 50(1): 15

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Research PDF - 1 MB
Risk perception and factors associated with the acceptance of smallpox vaccine against monkeypox among healthcare and healthcare support workers in Northeastern Nigeria

Francis Enenche Ejeh, Cecelia Ballah Denue, Yusuf Madaki Lekko, Fatima Liman Shettima, Fatima Adamu Lawan, Bashir Usman Malgwi, Yasheruram Muhammad Shettima

Pan African Medical Journal. 25 September 2025. 50(1): 16

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Knowledge of Mpox among secondary school students in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

Agatha Nneka Obayi, Amelia Ngozi Odo, Lawreta Ijeoma Abugu, Cylia Nkechi Iweama, Olive Oluchukwu Ilo, Vivian Akah PaulUyonwu, Oliver Igwebuike Abbah

Pan African Medical Journal. 01 October 2025. 50(1): 17

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Letter to the editors PDF - 143 KB
Confronting the surge of Mpox in West Africa

Mat Lowe

Pan African Medical Journal. 22 October 2025. 50(1): 18

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Perspectives PDF - 167 KB
Non-exanthematous mpox and the implications on response measures during outbreaks

Allan Komakech, Dativa Aliddeki

Pan African Medical Journal. 01 December 2025. 50(1): 19

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Mpox outbreak in Abia State, Nigeria, 2024: implications for varicella zoster virus coinfection among children

Chidinma Ihuoma Amuzie, Ugochukwu Uchenna Onyeonoro, Princess Orie Agomoh, Elezuo Okorie Elezuo, Stanley Ajamgbulogu, Oluchi Adighogu, Princewill Chigozirim Isaac, Chukwuma David Umeokonkwo

Pan African Medical Journal. 05 December 2025. 50(1): 20

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