Table 6: interrelation between beliefs about cancer and HIV

1.

“With TB for example, there were many people going around Khayelitsha testing people, they can do the same for cancer. I mean even to cancer they can do that because they test TB, HIV, why not Cancer…” (Khayelitsha Church group)

2.

“If people can be called to places like stadiums, as they do with TB and other diseases, then a certain area like Mdantsane can go and hear about cancer.” (East London Political and Community Leaders’ group).

3.

“Holding workshops, preaching about it in churches. We need to do as much as we have done about HIV.” (Soweto Church group)

4.

“Churches do have organizations whereby they work together like the Council of Churches they can work together. They have done it with HIV where they have educating people about HIV.” (Soweto Church group)

5.

“Getting the youth involved that are going to educate the community using entertainment. If it happens in HIV, why not in cancer.” (Soweto NGO group)

6.

“If nurses can reach out to the people at community level, definitely people can survive cancer... People do not take wounds seriously. People do not go for follow ups and nobody follows up on them.” (Khayelitsha Church group)

7.

“The JSI project must organize nurses who will come and do check-ups every three months or so. That will give people an opportunity to check themselves.” (East London Church group)

8.

“If there can be some kind of a joint venture between the cancer campaign and HIV & AIDS campaign in order to ensure that when a person tests for AIDS is able to test for cancer, for early detection and also preventive measures to be put in place. I think it would help.” (East London Church group)

9.

“For us black people if you tell the old generation in the rural areas about cancer, they will not understand. Just like with HIV, they had to invent an African name for it, i.e. Ingculaza (AIDS) if you come to us telling us about cancer, what is cancer to the elderly – remember many of us are not educated.” (Soweto Political and Community Leaders’ group).

10.

“I think we can learn something from the HIV & AIDS campaign. When they started the campaigns, they used frightening ads but that did not help. When they changed their ads to a story telling kind and put characters there real-life characters who look like ordinary people. Those messages were able to hit home. People are no longer afraid to test for HIV now which is more deadly than cancer, but not cancer diagnosed in the later stages because it can be as deadly.” (Soweto Political and Community Leaders’ group).

11.

“…Some of them (people with cancer) have symptoms that are similar to those of HIV and because we do not know about the symptoms of cancer, so they mistake the two” (Soweto NGO group).

12.

 “I can’t differentiate personally what is AIDS and cancer” (Soweto Political and Community Leaders’ group).

13.

“One can get STI and they progress to HIV and from that it progresses to cancer” (Soweto NGO group).

14.

“Families do not disclose - people think about death, it is associated with HIV” (East London NGO group)

15.

if my partner was to be HIV positive which is similar to cancer, after years of being together it would be difficult for me to accept my partner.” (Khayelitsha Church group)

16.

“Now things are better but because people do not know about signs of cancer, so they isolate a person with cancer, but because stigma for HIV as well has subsided so things are not that bad.” (Soweto NGO group). 

17.

 “We always hear only about TB and HIV.” (Khayelitsha Traditional Healers’ group)

18.

“Community Health care workers here are only doing TB and HIV and AIDS education. There is nothing about cancer… Even support groups here are for HIV and TB you never hear about cancer. They do talk about it a lot on the radios and TV but not enough.” (Khayelitsha Traditional Healers’ group)

19.

“The focus is on HIV and AIDS. People do not know about cancer and there is no one to teach them.” (Soweto Church group)

20.

“Because people with cancer hide themselves, there were many people with cancer in the past but because of HIV fewer people are known”. (East London NGO group)

21.

“Even nurses do not talk about cancer, what they always talk about is AIDS and TB and not cancer, some people don’t even know the symptoms.” (East London Political and Community Leaders’ group).