Table 1:  characteristics of study participants at enrollment into the CoLTART study, by sex

Characteristic

All   [N=1024]

Female [N=669]

Males   [N=355]

n     (%)

n       (%)

n    (%)

 

Age in years

18-34

111     (10.8)

86      (12.9)

25   (7.0)

35-49

613     (59.9)

401    (59.9)

212   (59.7)

50+

300     (29.3)

182    (27.2)

118   (33.2)

 

Level of education1

 

Incomplete    primary/none

459     (45.0)

294    (44.0)

165   (46.7)

Complete primary

156     (15.3)

104    (15.6)

51   (14.7)

Secondary +

406     (39.8)

270    (40.4)

136   (38.5)

 

 

Occupation1

 

Peasant Farmer

322     (31.6)

205    (30.7)

117  (33.1)

Gainful employment

210     (20.6)

132    (19.8)

78   (22.1)

Self-employed / business

408     (40.0)

264    (39.6)

144  (40.4)

Unemployed

80     ( 7.8)

66     ( 9.9 )

14  ( 4.0 )

 

SES Score (tertiles)1

 

Low

416     (42.1)

307    (47.8)

109   (31.6)

Middle

378     (38.3)

240    (47.8)

138   (40.0)

High

193     (19.6)

95    (14.8)

98   (28.4)

 

Alcohol consumption1

Never

379     (37.5)

277    (41.8)

102   (29.1)

Ever >1 month ago

366     (36.2)

252    (38.1)

114   (32.6)

Within < 1 month

267     (26.4)

133    (20.1)

134   (38.3)

Animal proteins consumption

 (days/week)

0

269     (26.6)

204    (30.8)

65   (18.5)

1- 2

462     (45.6)

         292    (44.1)

170   (48.4)

3+

282     (27.8)

166    (25.1)

116   (33.0)

Tobacco consumption2

Never

843     (82.6)

625    (93.7)

218   (61.8)

Ex-smoker

97     ( 9.5)

17    ( 2.5 )

80   (22.7)

Current

80      ( 7.8)

         25    ( 3.7 )

55   (15.6)

Physical activity level2

Low

473     (46.4)

365    (54.7)

108   (30.7)

Moderate - high

546     (53.6)

         302    (45.3)

244   (69.3)

Total duration on ART (Years)

0-<5

243     (23.7)

150    (22.4)

93  (26.2)

5-<9

124     (12.1)

        74    (11.1)

50   (14.1)

9+

657     (64.2)

445    (66.5)

212   (59.7)

ART regimen

Non PI based ART

788     (77.0)

519    (77.6)

269   (75.8)

PI based ART

236     (23.0)

150    (22.4)

86   (24.2)

Cholesterol 

(>5.2 mol/L)

No

708     (69.8)

442    (66.1)

266   (75.8)

Yes

306     (30.2)

221    (33.3)

85   (24.2)

HDL (<1 mmol/L)3

No

633     (62.4)

378    (57.0)

255   (72.6)

Yes

381     (37.6)

         285    (43.0)

96   (27.4)

LDL (>3.4 mmol/L)3

 

No

775     (76.4)

479    (72.2)

296   (84.3)

Yes

239     (23.6)

184    (27.8)

55   (15.7)

Triglycerides

 (>1.69 mmol/L)3       

No

798     (78.8)

539    (81.3)

259   (74.0)

Yes

215     (21.2)

124    (18.7)

91  (26.0)

Glucose (>6.0 mmol/L)

No

979     (96.5)

640    (96.5)

339   (96.3)

Yes

36     ( 3.5)

23    (3.5  )

13  ( 3.7 )

Atherogenic risk (AIP) 4

(log10(triglycerides/HDL)

No

696     (68.7)

482    (72.7)

214   (61.1)

Yes

317     (31.3)

181    (27.3)

136   (38.9)

Body Mass Index  (kg/m2)5

<18.5

103     (10.3)

54     ( 8.3 )

49   (14.1)

18.5–24.9

637     (63.6)

374    (57.2)

263   (75.6)

>25

282     (26.1)

226    (34.6)

36   (10.3)

Waist/hip ratio (WHR) 5

>0.95(men)/>85(women)

Normal

478     (47.4)

207    (31.5)

271   (77.4)

Abnormal

530     (52.6)

451    (68.5)

79   ( 2.6 )

Hypertension5

 

No

782     (77.4)

505    (76.6)

277   (78.9)

Yes

228     (22.6)

154     (23.4)

74  (21.1)

Baseline Viral loads6

 (copies/ml)

 

< 1000

813     (82.1)

535    (82.8)

278   (80.8)

1000 – 10,000

53     (5.35)

39     ( 6.0 )

14   ( 4.1 )

>10,000

124     (12.5)

72    (11.2)

52   (15.1)

Baseline CD4 cell counts6

 (cells/ml)

 

< 350

300    (31.5)

163    (24.5)

137   (40.5)

351 – 500

294    (30.8)

191    (31.0)

103   (30.5)

> 500

360    (37.7)

262    (42.5)

98   (29.0)

Data was missing on; SES1-(27 women and 10 men), occupation1 (2 women and 1 man), Level of education1(1 woman and 3 men), consumption of Alcohol1 and animal protein1 (7 women and 5 men). Data was missing for; Tobacco consumption2 (2 women and 2 men) and Physical activity2 (2 women and 3 men). Data was Missing on; Serum Tc3, HDL3 LDL3, TG3 Glucose (6 women and 4 men). Calculation of AIP4 excluded 6 women and 3 men with missing data. There was missing data on; HT5 (10 Women and 4 men) BMI5 (15 women and 7 men), WHR5 and WC (11 women and 5 men),  Baseline VL6 (23 women and 11 men) and Baseline CD4 cell count6 ( 53 women, 7 men)