References

  1. Don Ganem, Alfred Prince M. Hepatitis B virus infection: natural history and clinical consequences. N Engl J Med. 2004; 350(11):1118-29. PubMed | Google Scholar

  2. Fattovich G. Natural history and prognosis of hepatitis B. Seminars in Liver Disease. 2003;23(1):47-58. PubMed | Google Scholar

  3. André F. Hepatitis B epidemiology in Asia, the Middle East and Africa. Vaccine. 2000 Feb 18;18(Suppl 1):S20-2. PubMed | Google Scholar

  4. Lejeune O. La maladie In: Trépo C, Merle P, Zoulim F, éditeurs. Hépatites virales B et C Paris: John Libbey Eurotext. 2006; pp149-61.

  5. World Health Organization. Global Hepatitis Report 2017. Geneva: WHO. 2017; 83p. Google Scholar

  6. Kodjoh N. Situation de la lutte contre les hépatites B et C en Afrique. Med Sante Trop. 2015; 22(2):14-4. PubMed | Google Scholar

  7. Massimo De Paschale, Cristina Ceriani, Teresa Cerulli, Debora Cagnin, Serena Cavallari, Joseph Ndayaké et al. Prevalence of HBV, HDV, HCV, and HIV Infection During Pregnancy in Northern Benin. J Med Virol. 2014;86(8):1281-7. PubMed | Google Scholar

  8. Affolabi D, Ahoussinou Nhbb, Agbodande A, Sogbo F, Orekan J, Massou F et al. Infection par le VIH et hépatite virale B dans les prisons au Bénin: état des lieux. Journal de la Société de Biologie Clinique du Bénin. 2018; 028:5-8. Google Scholar

  9. Kpossou AR, Séhonou J, Wanvoegbe FA, Abattan C, Sokpon CNM, Vignon RK. Hépatite virale B et C: aspects épidémiologiques et cliniques au Centre National Hospitalier et Universitaire de Cotonou. Médecine d'Afrique Noire. 2019; 6601:5-12. Google Scholar

  10. Kpossou AR, Aguemon CT, Dougnon FF, Sehonou J, Agbodandé KA, Azon-Kouanou A et al. Carriage of HBsAg in pregnant women at the University Clinic of Obstetric Gynecology of Cotonou, Benin: prevalence and associated factors. J Hepato Gastroenterol. 2018; 2(2):44-46.

  11. Khadidjatou Saké Alassan, Rachidi Sidi Imorou, Honorat Sonombiti, Kabibou Salifou, Edgar-Marius Ouendo. Séroprévalence et facteurs associés à l'hépatite virale B chez les gestantes à Parakou en République du Bénin. Pan Afr Med J. 2019; 33: 22. Google Scholar

  12. Mustapha Bittaye, Patrick Idoko, Bissallah Ahmed Ekele, Samuel Amenyi Obed, Ousman Nyan. Hepatitis B virus sero-prevalence amangst pregnant women in Gambia. 2019;19:259. Google Scholar

  13. Wendy Spearman C, Mary Afihene, Reidwaan Ally, Betty Apica, Yaw Awuku, Lina Cunha et al. Hepatitis B in Sub-Saharan Africa: stratégies to achieve the elimination targets. The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2017;2(12):900-909. PubMed | Google Scholar

  14. Moussa Lingani, Tomoyuki Akita, Serge Ouoba, Shintaro Nagashima, Palwende Romuald Boua, Kazuaki Takahashi et al. The changing epidemiologyof hepatitis B and C infections in Narro, rural Burkina Faso: a random sampling survey. BMC Infectious Disease. 2020 Jan 15;20(1):46. PubMed | Google Scholar

  15. Kolou M, Nadjir LK, Ayovi F, Katawa G, Abaltou B, Salou M. Séroprévalence des hépatites B et C au sein de la population générale de Lomé. Journal de la Recherche Scientifique de Lomé. 2018;20(1):225-233. Google Scholar

  16. Abesig J, Chen Y, Wang H, Sompo FM, Wu IXY. Prevalence of viral hepatitis B in Ghana between 2015 and 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Plos One. 2020; 15(6): e0234348. PubMed | Google Scholar

  17. Ntagirabiri R, Niyongalo T, Ndayiragije A, Baransaka E. Prévalence du virus de l´hépatite B au Burundi sur la base d´une enquête nationale. J Afr Hépatol Gastroentérol. 2014;8:25-28. Google Scholar

  18. Lahlali M, Abid H, Lamine A, Lahmidani N, El Yousfi M, Benajah D et al. Epidémiologie des hépatites virales dans le Grand Maghreb. La Tunisie Médicale. 2018;96(10/11):606-619. PubMed

  19. Diarrassouba A, Touré SF, Karidioula YLC et al. Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of hepatitis B virus infection in Bouaké; Côte d´Ivoire. Microbiology Research Journal International. 2020; 30(7):7-16. Google Scholar

  20. Adugna Endale Woldegiorgis, Woldearegay Erku, Girmay Medhin, Nega Berhe, Mengistu Legesse. Community-based sero-prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections in South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. PLoS ONE. 2019 Dec 30;14(12):e0226890. PubMed | Google Scholar

  21. Moustapha Diop, Assane Diouf, Said Malaobé Seck, Gora Lo, Daye Ka, Aminata Massaly et al. Prevalence de l´antigène de surface du virus de l´hépatite B et facteurs associés chez des militaires sénégalais envoyés en mission au Darfour. Pan African Medical Journal. 2017; 26:154. PubMed | Google Scholar

  22. Ott JJ, Stevens GA, Groeger J, Wiersma ST. Global epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection: new estimates of age-specific HBsAg seroprevalence and endemicyty. Vaccine. 2012;30(12):2212-2219. PubMed | Google Scholar

  23. Eloumou bagnaka servais albert fiacre, Henry Namme Luma, Dominique Noah Noah, Georges Nko’ Ayissi, Agnes Malongue, Jean Jacques Noubiap et al. Clinicopathological characteristics of a group of sub-Saharan African patients with chronic hepatitis B infection: a gender analysis. Gastrenterol Hepatol Open Acces. 2016; 5(8): 00174. Google Scholar

  24. Montella M, D'Arena G, Crispo A, Capunzo M, Nocerino F, Grimaldi M et al. Rôle of sex hormones in the development and progression of Hepatitis B virus: associated hepatocellular carcinoma. International Journal of Endocrinology. 2015;2015:854530. PubMed | Google Scholar

  25. Fu Yang, Yixuan Yin, Fang Wang, Ling Zhang, Yuqi Wang, Shuhan Sun. An altered pattern of liver apolipoprotein A: I isoforms is implicated in male chronic hepatatis B progression. Journal of Proteome Research. 2010 Jan;9(1):134-43. PubMed | Google Scholar