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Tantchou Tchoumi Jacques Cabral, Ambassa Jean Claude, Kingue Samuel, Giamberti Alessandro, Cirri Sylvia, Frigiola Alessandro, Butera Gianfranco. Occurrence, aetiology and challenges in the management of congestive heart failure in sub-saharan Africa: experience of the Cardiac Centre in Shisong, Cameroon. The Pan African Medical Journal. 2011;8:11 Key words: Congestive heart failure, cardiac centre Shisong, valvulopathies, cardiomyopathy, Cameroon, Hypertension, heart failure Permanent link: http://www.panafrican-med-journal.com/content/article/8/11/full Received: 09/12/2010 - Accepted: 08/01/2011 - Published: 17/02/2011 © Tantchou Tchoumi Jacques Cabral et al. The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Occurrence, aetiology and challenges in the management of congestive heart failure in sub-Saharan Africa: experience of the Cardiac Centre in Shisong, Cameroon
Tantchou Tchoumi Jacques Cabral1,&, Ambassa Jean Claude1, Kingue Samuel2, Giamberti Alessandro3, Cirri Sylvia3, Frigiola Alessandro3, Butera Gianfranco3
1Cardiac Centre, St. Elizabeth Catholic General Hospital Shisong, Cameroon, 2University of Yaoundé I, Faculty of biomedical sciences, 3Department of Paediatric and Adult Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Policlinico San Donato IRCCS
&Corresponding author
Tantchou Tchoumi JC, Cardiac Centre St. Elizabeth catholic general hospital Shisong, PO Box: 8 Kumbo, Cameroon
Introduction
The aim of the study was to investigate the occurrence, the aetiology and the management of congestive heart failure in the cardiac centre of the St. Elizabeth catholic general hospital Shisong in Cameroon.
Methods
Between November 2002 and November 2008, a population of 8121 patients was consulted in the referral cardiac centre of St. Elizabeth Catholic General Hospital. Of these patients, 462 were diagnosed with congestive heart failure according to the modified Framingham criteria for the diagnosis of heart failure. Complementary investigations used to confirm and establish the aetiology of the disease were the chest X-ray, electrocardiography, bi-dimensional Doppler echocardiography.
Results
The results showed that the occurrence of congestive heart failure in our centre was 5.7%. Congestive heart failure was diagnosed in 198 females and 264 males, aged between 8 and 86 years old (42.5±18 years old). Post rheumatic valvulopathies (14.6%) and congenital heart diseases (1.9%) were the first aetiologic factor of congestive heart failure in the young, meanwhile cardiomyopathies (8.3%) in elderly followed by hypertensive cardiomyopathy (4.4%). Congestive heart failure was also seen in adults with congenital heart diseases in 0.01%. In this zone of Cameroon, we discovered that HIV cardiomyopathy (1.6%) and Cor pulmonale (8%) were represented, aetiological factors not mentioned in previous studies conducted in urban areas of Cameroon. The mean duration of hospital stay for the compensation treatment was thirteen days, ranging between 7 and 21 days), the mortality being 9.2%. All the medications recommended for the treatment of congestive heart failure are available in our centre but many patients are not compliant to the therapy or cannot afford them. Financial limitation is causing the exacerbation of the disease and premature death.
Conclusion
Our data show a high incidence of congestive heart failure mainly due to post rheumatic valvulopathies in young patients in our centre. National program to fight against rheumatic fever and complications are of great urgency in our country. The compensation treatment of congestive heart failure is challenging in our milieu, characterized by poor compliance and financial limitations.
